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J. H. CHAMP. HYDRAULIC A IR GOMPRESSUR.

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JOSEPH II. CHAMP, OF CLEVELAND,

PATENT CEEICE.

OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE BISHOP d:

BABCOCK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDRAULIC AIR-COMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 570,540, dated November 3, 1896. Application nea nach 9, 1896. seria No. 582,304. (Nb model.)

To all whom t may co'wern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH H. CHAMP, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Air-Compressors, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained, and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail one mechanical form embodying the invention, such detail construction being but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawings, Figure I represents a longitudinal vertical section of my improved hydraulic air-compressor; Fig. II, a transverse vertical section on the line II II in Fig. I, of the primary-valve mechanism; Fig. III, a detail side view of the valve-casings, illustrating a portion of the casing broken away and removed, and Fig. IV a bottom plan view illustrating the inlet and outlet channels.

An air and water chamber A is provided with an air-inlet d, controlled by an air-inlet valve a', and with a valve-controlled outlet a2, having a nozzle co3, to which a tubular airconnection may be attached for conveying the compressed air to its point of destination. A main-valve casing B is supported from the bottom of the air and water chamber, and said casing is formed with a cylindrical pistonchamber b and a cylindrical valve-chamber b' beneath the piston-chamber and of smaller diameter than the latter. The upper end of the piston-chamber is closed by a removable screw-cap b2. An annular port b3 is formed at about the middle of the valve-chamber, preferably by annular rows of perforations, and establishes communication between the valve-chamber and the air and water chamber. The lower end of the valve-chamber has open communication with a water-outlet C. A water-inlet D communicates with the bottom of the piston-chamber by means of a passage d. A main-valve-actuating piston E has play in the piston-chamber, and has rigid connection with a main controlling-valve E, which has play in the valve-chamber. A cy lindrical primary-valve chamber F is formed parallel with the main controlling-piston and valve-chamber, and said primary-valve chamber is open at its upper end, communicating with the air and water chamber, and has three annular ports f, f', and f2. The middle port f has connection to the upper portion of the main-valve-actuating piston-chamber through a channel f3. The upper port f has connection to the outlet by means of a channel f4, and the lower port f2 has connection to the inlet-channel by means of a channel f5. Said ports may therefore be respectively termed the distributing-port, the outlet-port, and the inlet-port of the primary-valve chamber.

A valve G, having three pistons g, g', and g2, has play in the primary-valve chamber, and willbe termed the primary valve. The pistons upon saidvalve are so spaced in their relation to one another and tothe ports of the valve-chamber thatthe distributing-port and the outlet-port may be connected when the valve is depressed, and the distributingport and the inlet-port may be connected when the valve is raised. The lower portions of the main-valve chamber and the primaryvalve chamber are connected togetherv by a channel b5, such channel being formed independent of the water connectionbetween the main-valve chamber and the air and water chamber, and it connects with the main-valve chamber at a point of the latter nearer the waste-water outlet C' and farther from the supply-water inlet cl than is the water connection b3 of the main-valve chamber with the air and water chamber. The upper end of the primary valve is reduced at g3 and fits into a socket g4, being there secured by means of a setscrew g5. The stem of the socket has a slot g, through the upper end wall of which passes an adjusting-,screw gl. A lever H is fulcrumed between ears b4 lupon the upper end of the primary-valve chamber,al pi'ih being inserted through said ears fand vlever j and having the lever secured upon'it'by means t of a set-screw h'. The short and reduced arm roo h2 of the float-lever H projects into the slot g, The long arm of the float-lever has a lioat H secured to its end.

ln practice the water-inlet is connected to an ordinary water-service pipe or other source of water under pressure, and the waste-outlet is connected to a sewer or other waste. A suitable fluid-pressure regulator is preferably connected to the inlet, so as to regulate the pressure under which the actuating water is desired to enter the air-compressor. Vhen water is admitted through the inlet, (the air and water chamber being presumed to be empty, and consequently the iioat at its lowermost position and the Vprimary valve in its raised position,) the actuating water will -pass up through the inlet-channel into the bottom of the valve piston-chamber, pressing downward upon the valve an'dupward'against the piston. The inlet water will lalso enter the lower -portof the primary-valve chamber and pass 'from said -port to the-distributing-port, and thence-to the space above the main-valveactuating piston, pressing downward upon the latter. V'As'inlet water is thus on both sides of the main-valve-actuating piston,the pressure upon the latter vwill be equalized, andthe downward pressure upon the main controlling-valve will force the latterzdownward ,past the annular port in the main controlling-valve chamber. 'The inlet water may thus pass into the air:and waterchamber,

gradually filling the latter and compressing the air within the same and Vforcing it out through the air-outlet. At the Asame time the supply water passes through channel b5 into the lower portion of the primary-*Valve chamber, so that there isan equal -pressure of inlet water respectively at the top and bottom pportions of v.the primar T-valve chamber. I As the water rises'in the air and water chamber it'will'raise the ioat, and the float will, when'itarrivesat the `required height, force-the priln'ary'valve down into the 'position illustrated Tin Fig. I. Vhen the primary valvefisforced down, the communication in theprimary-valvechamber between the inlet-.port andthe distributing-'port in the same will be cut oifandcommunication will be established betweenthe outlet-port and the distributing-port. Thiswill admit of the actuatingwater in the valve-actuating piston-chamberexerting upward pressure against the large valve-actuating piston, so that'it may force sai d piston and the main controlling-valveupward, the'water above the main-'valve-'actuating piston escaping through the distributing channel-andport and out through thewaste. When the main `controlling-valve is raised past the ann ularports in the main controllingvalve chamber, communicationwill be established between the air and water chamber andthewaste, allowing the water Vto escape from'the air and water chamber. lVhen the water arrives at Vits lowest level, the float will have reached its lowermost position and will have raised theprimary valve,-when` the operation will be again repeated. The independ? ent water-channel b5 admits of water beneath the primary valve escaping 'through the waste after the main controlling-valve has been raised a short distance from its lowermost position, so that the force of the water against the upper piston of the primary valve may force said valve downward and shift it into the positionillustrated in Fig. l, in which full communication is established between the upper portion of the main-valve-actuating piston-chamber and the waste, so that the main controlling-valve may be raised and full communication established between the air and water-chamber and the waste. If this lastmentioned channel b5 were not provided, the iioat might rise to a certain level and might push the primary valve downward to j ustjsucient distance to partly uncover the distributing-'port and vestablish a =partial connection between said'portand the outlet-port. .This would admit of the main valve and its controlling-piston being but slightlyraised,when absolute free communicationbetween-.the air and water chamber and the waste would not be established. As, however, the slight rising of the main controlling-valve establishes compiston Vof the primary valve Vwill be suiiicient lto force'said Valve down, `irres}g ec'tive ofthe downward-'forcin g action of the iioat and floatllever. l

The foregoing operation is dependent upon the fact that there is alwaysa slight'leakage in the distributing-piston g of the primary valve, such leakage permitting of the water on the upper side of the main-valve piston passing sufficiently outthrough channel fiat thelproper time intolthe outlet-portf to 'cause suchpiston totake a slight rise, soasto give the' said water connectionfbetween the channel b5 andthe waste-water outlet.

Other modes of applying the 'principle' of my invention may be Vemployedfor the mode herein explained. k'Change may therefore'be made as regards the mechanism vthus disclosed, provided the principles of construetion set forth respectively in the 'following claims are employed.

I thereforeparticularly .point out and distinctly claim as my invention-- l. In a hydraulic air-compressor,`the combination with a main-valve chamberhavinga water connection l,with'the air andwater chamber, and a primary-valve chamber, .of a. waterchannel between `said two valve-chambers, such channel being independent of said water connection between the main-Valve chamber andthe air and water' chamber, substantially A as setlforth.

2. In a rhydraulic.air-compressor,fthe combination with a-main-valvechamber, anda primary-valve chamber, of a water-channel betweenthc two; such channel connecting l withithe main-valve chamberat a pointof binaiion of an air and water chamber, a main-r valve chamber with its main valve, a pistonchamber with its piston connected to such valve, a primary-valve chamber with its primary valve, and a supply-water inlet between such main valve and its connected piston together with a water-channel connecting one end of the primary-valve chamber with the main-valve chamber at a point of the latter nearer the waste-water outlet and farther from the supply-water inlet than is the water connection of such main-valve chamber with the air and water chamber, substantially as set forth.

5. In a hydraulic air-compressor, the combination of an air and water chamber, a mainvalve chamber with its main valve, a pistonchamber with its piston connected to such valve, a primary-valve chamber with its primary valve, said valves and piston having reciprocating vertical movement; together with a water-channel connected at its upper extremity with said piston-chamber at a point constantly above the piston, a constantsupply water-inlet between the piston and the main valve, water connection between the main-valve chamber and the air and water chamber, an independent water-channel connecting together the lower portions of the two valve-chambers at a point or" the main-valve chamber below its water connection with the air and water chamber, and a waste-water outlet .leading from the mainvalve chamber below said independent waterchannel, substantially as set forth.

6. Ina hydraulic air-compressor, the combination of an air and water chamber, a valve-casing formed with a large pistonchamber having communication at its lower end with the water-inlet, and a smaller valvechamber having a port which communicates with the air and water chamber, and a wateroutlet at its bottom, said piston-chamber and valve-'chamber being axially alined and communicatin g with each other; a primary-valve chamber having a distributing-port at its middle which communicates with the upper end of the piston-chamber, and an outletport at its upper portion, and an inlet-port at its lower portion, and having a channel which extends from the bottom of the primary-valve chamber to the main-valve chamber beneath the distributing-port in the latter; a main controlling-valve having play in the main controlling-valve chamber, and provided with a valve-actuating piston having play in the piston-chamber; a primary valve having three pistons, the middle one of which has play at both sides of the distributingport in the primary-valve chamber, and the end pistons of which are permanently to the outside of the inlet and outlet ports; and a suitable float mechanism connected to Vthe primary valve, to actuate the latter at the extremes of the rise and fall of water within the air and water chamber, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing to be my invention I have hereunto set my hand this 5th day of March, A. D. 1896.

JOSEPH H.l CHAMP.

Witnesses:

THos. B. HALL, l A. EMERKEL. 

